NURS 6501: MIDTERM EXAM:
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Which of the following statements is accurate regarding asthma?
Group of answer choices
- Asthma is a reversible obstructive lung disease.
- Asthma primarily affects individuals over 40 years of age.
- Viruses are uncommon triggers of asthma attacks.
- Asthma predominantly involves the large airways.
- Asthma is a reversible obstructive lung disease: This is the most accurate statement. Asthma involves airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, which leads to obstruction of airflow. The obstruction is typically reversible either spontaneously or with treatment (such as bronchodilators). The reversible nature of asthma is one of its hallmark features, distinguishing it from other obstructive lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Asthma primarily affects individuals over 40 years of age: This is inaccurate. While asthma can occur at any age, it most commonly develops in childhood. Asthma in adults often starts before the age of 40, and asthma in older individuals (after 40) is less common and may have a different presentation (such as adult-onset asthma).
- Viruses are uncommon triggers of asthma attacks: This is incorrect. Viruses, particularly respiratory viruses like rhinovirus and influenza, are common triggers for asthma exacerbations. They can lead to inflammation and narrowing of the airways, worsening asthma symptoms.
- Asthma predominantly involves the large airways: This is incorrect. Asthma primarily affects the small airways (bronchioles) and is characterized by airway inflammation, smooth muscle constriction, and mucus production. While the large airways may also be affected, asthma's primary pathology is in the smaller airways.